Fixed: A user may be able to elevate privileges

iOS 18.5 and iPadOS 18.5
Released May 12, 2025

AppleJPEG
Available for: iPhone XS and later, iPad Pro 13-inch, iPad Pro 12.9-inch 3rd generation and later, iPad Pro 11-inch 1st generation and later, iPad Air 3rd generation and later, iPad 7th generation and later, and iPad mini 5th generation and later
Impact: Processing a maliciously crafted media file may lead to unexpected app termination or corrupt process memory
Description: The issue was addressed with improved input sanitization.
CVE-2025-31251: Hossein Lotfi (@hosselot) of Trend Micro Zero Day Initiative

Baseband
Available for: iPhone 16e
Impact: An attacker in a privileged network position may be able to intercept network traffic
Description: This issue was addressed through improved state management.
CVE-2025-31214: 秦若涵, 崔志伟, and 崔宝江

Call History
Available for: iPhone XS and later
Impact: Call history from deleted apps may still appear in spotlight search results
Description: A privacy issue was addressed by removing sensitive data.
CVE-2025-31225: Deval Jariwala

Core Bluetooth
Available for: iPhone XS and later, iPad Pro 13-inch, iPad Pro 12.9-inch 3rd generation and later, iPad Pro 11-inch 1st generation and later, iPad Air 3rd generation and later, iPad 7th generation and later, and iPad mini 5th generation and later
Impact: An app may be able to access sensitive user data
Description: This issue was addressed through improved state management.
CVE-2025-31212: Guilherme Rambo of Best Buddy Apps (rambo.codes)

CoreAudio
Available for: iPhone XS and later, iPad Pro 13-inch, iPad Pro 12.9-inch 3rd generation and later, iPad Pro 11-inch 1st generation and later, iPad Air 3rd generation and later, iPad 7th generation and later, and iPad mini 5th generation and later
Impact: Parsing a file may lead to an unexpected app termination
Description: The issue was addressed with improved checks.
CVE-2025-31208: Hossein Lotfi (@hosselot) of Trend Micro Zero Day Initiative

CoreGraphics
Available for: iPhone XS and later, iPad Pro 13-inch, iPad Pro 12.9-inch 3rd generation and later, iPad Pro 11-inch 1st generation and later, iPad Air 3rd generation and later, iPad 7th generation and later, and iPad mini 5th generation and later
Impact: Parsing a file may lead to disclosure of user information
Description: An out-of-bounds read was addressed with improved bounds checking.
CVE-2025-31209: Hossein Lotfi (@hosselot) of Trend Micro Zero Day Initiative

CoreMedia
Available for: iPhone XS and later, iPad Pro 13-inch, iPad Pro 12.9-inch 3rd generation and later, iPad Pro 11-inch 1st generation and later, iPad Air 3rd generation and later, iPad 7th generation and later, and iPad mini 5th generation and later
Impact: Parsing a file may lead to an unexpected app termination
Description: A use-after-free issue was addressed with improved memory management.
CVE-2025-31239: Hossein Lotfi (@hosselot) of Trend Micro Zero Day Initiative

CoreMedia
Available for: iPhone XS and later, iPad Pro 13-inch, iPad Pro 12.9-inch 3rd generation and later, iPad Pro 11-inch 1st generation and later, iPad Air 3rd generation and later, iPad 7th generation and later, and iPad mini 5th generation and later
Impact: Processing a maliciously crafted video file may lead to unexpected app termination or corrupt process memory
Description: The issue was addressed with improved input sanitization.
CVE-2025-31233: Hossein Lotfi (@hosselot) of Trend Micro Zero Day Initiative

FaceTime
Available for: iPhone XS and later, iPad Pro 13-inch, iPad Pro 12.9-inch 3rd generation and later, iPad Pro 11-inch 1st generation and later, iPad Air 3rd generation and later, iPad 7th generation and later, and iPad mini 5th generation and later
Impact: Muting the microphone during a FaceTime call may not result in audio being silenced
Description: This issue was addressed through improved state management.
CVE-2025-31253: Dalibor Milanovic

FaceTime
Available for: iPhone XS and later, iPad Pro 13-inch, iPad Pro 12.9-inch 3rd generation and later, iPad Pro 11-inch 1st generation and later, iPad Air 3rd generation and later, iPad 7th generation and later, and iPad mini 5th generation and later
Impact: Processing web content may lead to a denial-of-service
Description: The issue was addressed with improved UI.
CVE-2025-31210: Andrew James Gonzalez

FrontBoard
Available for: iPhone XS and later, iPad Pro 13-inch, iPad Pro 12.9-inch 3rd generation and later, iPad Pro 11-inch 1st generation and later, iPad Air 3rd generation and later, iPad 7th generation and later, and iPad mini 5th generation and later
Impact: An app may be able to enumerate a user's installed apps
Description: A logic issue was addressed with improved checks.
CVE-2025-31207: YingQi Shi (@Mas0nShi) of DBAppSecurity's WeBin lab, Duy Trần (@khanhduytran0)

iCloud Document Sharing
Available for: iPhone XS and later, iPad Pro 13-inch, iPad Pro 12.9-inch 3rd generation and later, iPad Pro 11-inch 1st generation and later, iPad Air 3rd generation and later, iPad 7th generation and later, and iPad mini 5th generation and later
Impact: An attacker may be able to turn on sharing of an iCloud folder without authentication
Description: This issue was addressed with additional entitlement checks.
CVE-2025-30448: Dayton Pidhirney of Atredis Partners, Lyutoon and YenKoc

ImageIO
Available for: iPhone XS and later, iPad Pro 13-inch, iPad Pro 12.9-inch 3rd generation and later, iPad Pro 11-inch 1st generation and later, iPad Air 3rd generation and later, iPad 7th generation and later, and iPad mini 5th generation and later
Impact: Processing a maliciously crafted image may lead to a denial-of-service
Description: A logic issue was addressed with improved checks.
CVE-2025-31226: Saagar Jha

Kernel
Available for: iPhone XS and later, iPad Pro 13-inch, iPad Pro 12.9-inch 3rd generation and later, iPad Pro 11-inch 1st generation and later, iPad Air 3rd generation and later, iPad 7th generation and later, and iPad mini 5th generation and later
Impact: An attacker may be able to cause unexpected system termination or corrupt kernel memory
Description: The issue was addressed with improved memory handling.
CVE-2025-31219: Michael DePlante (@izobashi) and Lucas Leong (@_wmliang_) of Trend Micro Zero Day Initiative

Kernel
Available for: iPhone XS and later, iPad Pro 13-inch, iPad Pro 12.9-inch 3rd generation and later, iPad Pro 11-inch 1st generation and later, iPad Air 3rd generation and later, iPad 7th generation and later, and iPad mini 5th generation and later
Impact: A remote attacker may cause an unexpected app termination
Description: A double free issue was addressed with improved memory management.
CVE-2025-31241: Christian Kohlschütter

libexpat
Available for: iPhone XS and later, iPad Pro 13-inch, iPad Pro 12.9-inch 3rd generation and later, iPad Pro 11-inch 1st generation and later, iPad Air 3rd generation and later, iPad 7th generation and later, and iPad mini 5th generation and later
Impact: Multiple issues in libexpat, including unexpected app termination or arbitrary code execution
Description: This is a vulnerability in open source code and Apple Software is among the affected projects. The CVE-ID was assigned by a third party. Learn more about the issue and CVE-ID at cve.org.
CVE-2024-8176

Mail Addressing
Available for: iPhone XS and later, iPad Pro 13-inch, iPad Pro 12.9-inch 3rd generation and later, iPad Pro 11-inch 1st generation and later, iPad Air 3rd generation and later, iPad 7th generation and later, and iPad mini 5th generation and later
Impact: Processing an email may lead to user interface spoofing
Description: An injection issue was addressed with improved input validation.
CVE-2025-24225: Richard Hyunho Im (@richeeta)

mDNSResponder
Available for: iPhone XS and later, iPad Pro 13-inch, iPad Pro 12.9-inch 3rd generation and later, iPad Pro 11-inch 1st generation and later, iPad Air 3rd generation and later, iPad 7th generation and later, and iPad mini 5th generation and later
Impact: A user may be able to elevate privileges
Description: A correctness issue was addressed with improved checks.
CVE-2025-31222: Paweł Płatek (Trail of Bits)

Notes
Available for: iPhone XS and later, iPad Pro 13-inch, iPad Pro 12.9-inch 3rd generation and later, iPad Pro 11-inch 1st generation and later, iPad Air 3rd generation and later, iPad 7th generation and later, and iPad mini 5th generation and later
Impact: An attacker with physical access to a device may be able to access notes from the lock screen
Description: The issue was addressed with improved authentication.
CVE-2025-31228: Andr.Ess

Notes
Available for: iPhone XS and later
Impact: An attacker with physical access to a device may be able to access a deleted call recording
Description: A logic issue was addressed with improved checks.
CVE-2025-31227: Shehab Khan

Pro Res
Available for: iPhone XS and later, iPad Pro 13-inch, iPad Pro 12.9-inch 3rd generation and later, iPad Pro 11-inch 1st generation and later, iPad Air 3rd generation and later, iPad 7th generation and later, and iPad mini 5th generation and later
Impact: An app may be able to cause unexpected system termination
Description: The issue was addressed with improved checks.
CVE-2025-31245: wac

Pro Res
Available for: iPhone XS and later, iPad Pro 13-inch, iPad Pro 12.9-inch 3rd generation and later, iPad Pro 11-inch 1st generation and later, iPad Air 3rd generation and later, iPad 7th generation and later, and iPad mini 5th generation and later
Impact: An attacker may be able to cause unexpected system termination or corrupt kernel memory
Description: The issue was addressed with improved input sanitization.
CVE-2025-31234: CertiK (@CertiK)

Security
Available for: iPhone XS and later, iPad Pro 13-inch, iPad Pro 12.9-inch 3rd generation and later, iPad Pro 11-inch 1st generation and later, iPad Air 3rd generation and later, iPad 7th generation and later, and iPad mini 5th generation and later
Impact: A remote attacker may be able to leak memory
Description: An integer overflow was addressed with improved input validation.
CVE-2025-31221: Dave G.

WebKit
Available for: iPhone XS and later, iPad Pro 13-inch, iPad Pro 12.9-inch 3rd generation and later, iPad Pro 11-inch 1st generation and later, iPad Air 3rd generation and later, iPad 7th generation and later, and iPad mini 5th generation and later
Impact: A type confusion issue could lead to memory corruption
Description: This issue was addressed with improved handling of floats.
WebKit Bugzilla: 286694
CVE-2025-24213: Google V8 Security Team

WebKit
Available for: iPhone XS and later, iPad Pro 13-inch, iPad Pro 12.9-inch 3rd generation and later, iPad Pro 11-inch 1st generation and later, iPad Air 3rd generation and later, iPad 7th generation and later, and iPad mini 5th generation and later
Impact: Processing maliciously crafted web content may lead to memory corruption
Description: The issue was addressed with improved checks.
WebKit Bugzilla: 289387
CVE-2025-31223: Andreas Jaegersberger & Ro Achterberg of Nosebeard Labs
WebKit Bugzilla: 289653
CVE-2025-31238: wac working with Trend Micro Zero Day Initiative

WebKit
Available for: iPhone XS and later, iPad Pro 13-inch, iPad Pro 12.9-inch 3rd generation and later, iPad Pro 11-inch 1st generation and later, iPad Air 3rd generation and later, iPad 7th generation and later, and iPad mini 5th generation and later
Impact: Processing maliciously crafted web content may lead to memory corruption
Description: The issue was addressed with improved memory handling.
WebKit Bugzilla: 287577
CVE-2025-24223: rheza (@ginggilBesel) and an anonymous researcher
WebKit Bugzilla: 291506
CVE-2025-31204: Nan Wang(@eternalsakura13)

WebKit
Available for: iPhone XS and later, iPad Pro 13-inch, iPad Pro 12.9-inch 3rd generation and later, iPad Pro 11-inch 1st generation and later, iPad Air 3rd generation and later, iPad 7th generation and later, and iPad mini 5th generation and later
Impact: Processing maliciously crafted web content may lead to an unexpected Safari crash
Description: The issue was addressed with improved input validation.
WebKit Bugzilla: 289677
CVE-2025-31217: Ignacio Sanmillan (@ulexec)

WebKit
Available for: iPhone XS and later, iPad Pro 13-inch, iPad Pro 12.9-inch 3rd generation and later, iPad Pro 11-inch 1st generation and later, iPad Air 3rd generation and later, iPad 7th generation and later, and iPad mini 5th generation and later
Impact: Processing maliciously crafted web content may lead to an unexpected process crash
Description: The issue was addressed with improved checks.
WebKit Bugzilla: 288814
CVE-2025-31215: Jiming Wang and Jikai Ren

WebKit
Available for: iPhone XS and later, iPad Pro 13-inch, iPad Pro 12.9-inch 3rd generation and later, iPad Pro 11-inch 1st generation and later, iPad Air 3rd generation and later, iPad 7th generation and later, and iPad mini 5th generation and later
Impact: Processing maliciously crafted web content may lead to an unexpected Safari crash
Description: A type confusion issue was addressed with improved state handling.
WebKit Bugzilla: 290834
CVE-2025-31206: an anonymous researcher

WebKit
Available for: iPhone XS and later, iPad Pro 13-inch, iPad Pro 12.9-inch 3rd generation and later, iPad Pro 11-inch 1st generation and later, iPad Air 3rd generation and later, iPad 7th generation and later, and iPad mini 5th generation and later
Impact: A malicious website may exfiltrate data cross-origin
Description: The issue was addressed with improved checks.
WebKit Bugzilla: 290992
CVE-2025-31205: Ivan Fratric of Google Project Zero

WebKit
Available for: iPhone XS and later, iPad Pro 13-inch, iPad Pro 12.9-inch 3rd generation and later, iPad Pro 11-inch 1st generation and later, iPad Air 3rd generation and later, iPad 7th generation and later, and iPad mini 5th generation and later
Impact: Processing maliciously crafted web content may lead to an unexpected Safari crash
Description: This issue was addressed with improved memory handling.
WebKit Bugzilla: 290985
CVE-2025-31257: Juergen Schmied of Lynck GmbH