What is the key difference between IOS, IOS-XE and IOS XR for cisco devices ?

Answers

The key differences between IOS, IOS-XE, and IOS XR

IOS (Classic):
Monolithic kernel architecture.
Shared memory space.
Traditional Cisco operating system.
Widely used in older Cisco devices.
IOS-XE:
Combines a monolithic application with a Linux kernel.
Shares code with IOS but offers advanced features.
Allows running additional applications alongside IOS.
Commonly found in newer Cisco devices.
IOS XR:
Based on the QNX operating system.
Segments ancillary processes into separate memory spaces.
Ensures stability by isolating processes.
Used in high-end routers and carrier-grade equipment.

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