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What communication media types does KNX support?
Over what communication media can the data be transmitted in one KNX system and what speeds are supported?
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Top answer
Several communication media types are supported by the KNX system. We will list them all, try to explain, and offer more details for all of them.
The Twisted Pair TP1
The TP1 is the first communication medium introduced to the KNX system, as a twisted pair with a core of 0.8 mm² and 5 twists/m, making the base component of a TP1 segment to be the TP1 choke (where a segment is any equipment that is electrically connected).
The power supply units or better said, their capacity, supports the following variants: 160 mA, 320 mA, 640 mA, 960 mA, 1280 mA. The maximum bitrate offer is 9600 bits/s.
The Powerline PL110
The PL110 is introduced as a solution for renovation projects, requiring the use of the main electricity cabling as a network, making the PL110 devices use the same conventional power cabling as a communication medium.
The communication can only happen between two PL110 devices that belong to the same domain, where a domain is represented as a collection of devices with the same domain address. The PL110 domain address is a parameter that is set via ETS.
There is a need of installing a band-stop filter between the KNX installation with PL110 devices and the public grid, where the filter makes sure the device telegrams are not sent into the public grid.
KNX IP media
The whole idea and purpose of the KNX IP communication are to create a backbone and provide network access between TP1 and Powerline areas and the other IP networks. Thus, LAN networks can be used to route or tunnel the KNX telegrams and the IP router (not all, some of the manufacturers) can serve as an alternative to the KNX USB/TP1 data interfaces.
Radio Frequency - RF
Since there is no wiring in the RF domain, this media type is considered useful to TP1, but these devices can only communicate with each other if they belong to the same RF domain. The telegrams can be transmitted in the Short Range Device frequency band - 868 MHz, with a maximum power of 25 mW and bitrate of 16.384 kBit/sec.
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